Literature on Recruitment Essay Example for Free

Literature on Recruitment Essay 1.Ours and Ridder (1992) introduced a novel method to test the hypothesis that firms search sequentially based (in which applicants are screened as they show up) on the relationship between the number of (rejected) job applicants and the number of employees hired. The author used data compiled from filled vacancies for the Netherlands. Different types of search methods were distinguished. The results implied that when firms use advertising, private or 76 public employment agencies, which together cover about 45 per cent of filled vacancies, sequential search is rejected. For about 55 per cent of filled vacancies however, sequential search cannot be rejected. In line with theoretical considerations, when firms use search methods that rely on social networks, sequential search cannot be rejected. 2. Gorter, Nijkamp, and Rietveld, (1993) surveyed the Dutch labor market for recruitment channels and its impact on the vacancy duration. The authors found that labor market segmentation plays an important role in the choice of the recruitment channels; in particular, advertising appears to maximize the difference between expected costs and expected benefits when the vacancy concerned belongs to the primary segment of the labor market, while when it belongs to the secondary segment the preferred recruitment channel seems to be the labor exchange office. By using a piece-wise constant hazard rate, they argued that from the analysis of the time pattern of the hazard rate one may conclude that when advertising is used employers search non-sequentially, while if the informal channel is used employers tend to search sequentially. 3. While Gorter and Ommeren (1994) pushed the analysis one step further. The authors concluded that two main recruitment strategies can be identified: a sequential use of search channels, in which the first search channel chosen is usually the informal channel, and additional search channels are activated one after the other; and an â€Å"adding to the pool† strategy in which the first search channel chosen is basically advertisement and later one or more search channels are activated in order to enrich the pool of available applicants. 4. Redman and Mathews (1995) used eleven hundred cases to examine the effectiveness of recruitment advertisements. Findings showed that, in 1980s there was an increase in public sector recruitment advertising (from 20.8 per cent to 37.8 per cent) and a corresponding decrease in private sector (from 79.2 per cent to 62.2 per cent) over the decade. At the same time the authors mentioned two main problems of recruitment advertisement designers. First, with the supply in labour market in 1993, there was a need for limited and selective response from those readily available skills in order to minimise time and cost consumed by screening, short-listing and selection. Second, despite the general over supply of the labour market, skill shortages remained a problem in number of areas. 5. Mencken Winfield (1998) had explored the advantages and disadvantages of informal and formal recruiting practices in external labour markets. The data was analysed from 1981 Metropolitan Employer-Worker Survey (MEWS). Based on random-digit-dial telephone survey of 2,713 adults, the authors had constructed seven dichotomous dependent variables. The author found that cost made employment agencies less attractive to hiring managers for whom quality rather than volume was the primary concern. 6. Carroll, Marchington, Earnshaw and Taylor (1999) in their study on recruitment in small firms, aimed to find out how practices in small firms compare with the perspective â€Å"textbook† procedures; whether those were seen by small firms as appropriate to their needs; the recruitment problems small firms faced, and what strategies they had adopted to overcome them. 7. Kinder (2000) examined a new model for decomposing e-commerce. The paper suggested that use of the Internet in recruitment processes is likely to change the interface between internal and external labor markets for many firms. The paper predicted that the conceptions behind current research programs in labor market theory may require rethinking in the Internet era. 8. Weiss and Barbeite (2001) focused on reactions to Internet-based job sites. To this end, they developed a web-based survey that addressed the importance of job site features, privacy issues, and demographics. They found that the Internet was clearly preferred as a source of finding jobs. In particular, respondents liked job sites that had few features and required little personal information. Yet, older workers and women felt less comfortable disclosing personal information at job sites. Men and women did not differ in terms of preference for web site features, but women were less comfortable providing information online. 9. A study by Lockyer and Scholarios (2004) on selecting hotel staff, considered the nature of â€Å"best practice† for recruitment and selection. Data from Scottish hotels indicated a reliance on 79 informal methods, particularly in smaller hotels. In larger and chain hotels, structured procedures, including references, application forms and panel interviews, were evident, but, these methods were inadequate for dealing with recruitment and quality problems. 10. A research carried by Henkens, Remery and Schippers (2005) on recruiting personnel in a tight labour market aimed to analyse the instruments employers used to contact with potential workers and to find out, to what extent employers rely on traditional means like advertisement in the news paper or do they behave more actively using world wide web, visiting job fares etc. 11. A study conducted by Rafaeli, Hadomi, and Simons (2005) involved a plant located in Israel and focused on three recruitment methods: employee referrals, geographically focused ads (i.e., the local newspaper), and geographically unfocused ads (i.e., a national newspaper). They found that referrals generated more applicants, more hires, and a higher yield ratio (hires/applicants) than geographically focused ads which, in turn, outperformed unfocused ads on these three criteria. 12. A study conducted by Chand and Katou (2007) on the impact of HRM practices on organizational performance in the Indian hotel industry, investigated the affect of HRM systems on organizational performance in the hotel industry in India. A total of 439 hotels, ranging from three-star to five-star deluxe, responded to a self-administered questionnaire that measure 27 HRM practices. Factor analysis was performed to identify HRM systems, and correlation analysis was used to test the relation between HRM systems and organizational performance. The results indicated that hotel performance is positively related to HRM 80 systems of recruitment and selection, manpower planning, job designs, training and development, quality circles, and pay systems. 13. Breaugh (2008) had discussed employee recruitment and its important areas for future research, where he had reviewed research on recruitment topics that have received considerable attention (e.g., recruitment methods, realistic job previews). He had also addressed topics (e.g., targeted recruitment, the site visit) that have received relatively little attention but that have the potential to be quite important. The author suggested that, before making decisions concerning recruitment issues as what recruitment methods to use, an organization should thoughtfully establish its recruitment objectives.

The Last Hung: Joops Mid-life Crisis :: essays research papers

The Last Hung: Joop's Mid-Life Crisis In Horst Stern's The Last Hunt, a man named Joop is portrayed as a professional worker in a very well known bank. Outside of being a banker, Joop enjoys to hunt wild animals. This has been a hobby of his since he was a young boy. Throughout the story many questions are raised about Joop's true feelings about his job, hunting, and his life. In the beginning of the story, a women walks in on Joop while he is staring at a picture on a wall in his office. The women is very embarrassed because she believes he is staring at the nudity part of the picture. This indeed is not true as the reader further examines the reason behind the picture. By looking at the picture, Joop realizes that he is going through a mid-life crises, which can only be resolved by exorcising memories of his wife, the bear, and the goddess of hunting, Diana. The solution to the first part of his mid-life crisis is to get rid of the memories of Mari that still resided deep within his mind. He does this by visiting the house where the majority of these memories take place. While touring through the house he remembers all the ways that Mari resembled the goddess of Diana. During the period that Joop was married to Mari, she portrayed herself in a few ways as being Diana. She did this by giving the name of "Worshipping Diana to the act of Joop kissing her. Her skin was white except for one violet-colored bruise just under her right collarbone; it never disappeared entirely during the hunting season and came from the kick of her hefty weapons. It pleased her that he liked to kiss this particular spot. She called it "Worshipping Diana" (Stern 112). By doing this, Mari therefore implies that she believes she is the goddess of hunting. Not only does Mari imply that she is similar to the goddess Diana, but Joop also feels very upset about her believing that she is a goddess and he is just one of her pawns. " Her solemnity always frightened him, since it seemed to suggest that his main role in her eyes was as high priest of her own cult" (Stern 112). In this case the high priest would be the hunter Joop, and he would be serving Mari in her own fantasies. Joop's departure from the house was very swift because he wanted to get the memories of Mari behind him. Joop climbed wearily into the car and told his chauffeur to drive .

Exploring Business Purpose Essay

Introduction: In this assignment I will be focusing on 4 different organizations and explaining their purpose, ownership, size and scale in full detail. Organization 1 ASDA: ASDA is a huge British supermarket which retails Mediterranean Food, CDs, Books, Videos, Clothing, Jewellery and House wares. ASDA is the UKs second largest food retailer after Tesco, ASDA was owned by Wal-Mart in 199ASDA is Wal-Marts largest non-US subsidiary. Furthermore ASDA is a private sector business (a business run for private profit and it is not controlled by the government). Purpose of ASDA: The purpose of ASDA is mainly to make profit but apart from that ASDA’s purpose is to provide goods and services that are cheap and affordable to consumers or the public. Also to reduce the cost of their products, in addition ASDA has another purpose which is packaging their products well and to support voluntary sector services. ASDA lives by a set of values that makes them unique, the company’s values include respect for individuals (staff, and customers) and good customer service and a try hard for excellence. ASDA takes corporate responsibility (management on a company’s impact on society and the environment) very seriously, ASDA believes that supporting corporate responsibility can make their products more affordable for customers. Ownership: ASDA is a Public Limited Company PLC (A PLC is a type of limited company which is permitted to offer shares to the public) an American retailing company called Wal-Mart owns ASDA. Its shareholders own the company and this causes the ownership to constantly change, as the share are constantly bought and sold. Size/Scale: ASDA is a very large business because it currently has 356 stores, which has 160,00 employees 95,00part-time employees and 65,00full-time employees. Also ASDA is a very large business because it sales in excess of 17 billion with over 17 million customers. This shows that ASDA is a very big business. ASDA is a national business which is all around the UK, they also have a brand George which is global, George is ASDA’s clothing brand name, so any clothing that is sold will be a George brand. This means that ASDA will be known more and will be making more money. Organization 2 Richer Sounds: Richer Sounds is a business which is owned by Julian Richer, Richer Sounds retails electronic goods such as; TV gears, hi-fi, home cinema systems etc. Previously Richer Sounds was in the Guinness book of records for the highest sales per square foot any retail outlet in the world and in 2002 Richer Sounds was judged as the best British owned company by the Sunday Times. Purpose of Richer Sounds Richer Sounds purpose is to expand their business, also to work as a team and to provide us their greatest products at a price which beats other company’s prices. Ownership: Richer Sounds is in the private sector, however in1987 they have decided to become an unlisted Public Limited Company (PLC) and since 1990 they have been an unlisted plc. Richer Sounds is 100% owned by Julian Richer (the founder and managing director of the company), Richer sounds decided to become an unlisted PLC because they did not want to offer any shares to the public. Size/Scale: Richer Sounds is a medium sized business, it currently has 48 stores nation wide 10 stores in London and 38 stores out of London. It has around 500 employees, 180 workers in their office or in their management and 320 employee’s works in retailing and warehousing. Moreover in 2003 Richer Sounds sales turnover was nearly 87 billion and their profit before tax was 4.5 million this means Richer Sounds has sold almost 280,000 of goods (in 2003). Richer Sounds is a nationwide business (businesses owned through out the whole nation). Organization 3 Royal Mail/Post Office: Royal Mail is the national postal service of the United Kingdom, the Post Office is a retail company in the United Kingdom formerly part of the postal service Royal Mail. Post office is an independent agency of the regional government responsible for mail delivery (and sometimes telecommunications) between individuals and business in England. Post Office is the operator for the royal mail, it delivers mails and parcels for the royal mail. Purpose of Post Office: The purpose of Royal Mail is the leading postal service operator in the UK, Providing national and international distribution of mail and parcels, the Royal Mails operating unit is mainly Post Office. Furthermore the Post Office provides different types of services which are; licenses, taxes and insurance, stationary (in store). Ownership: Royal Mail/Post Office is a public sector business (the part of economy concerned with providing basic government services), the public sector deals with delivery of goods and services by and for the government whether national or regional. Size/Scale: Post Office is a very large business because, everyone uses Post Office because they have to send off their mails which is very important to them. Post Office has a network 12,500 branches, Post Office is the largest network in Europe and the largest retail branch in the United Kingdom handling more cash then any other businesses. Post Office has more than 400,000 members of staff in addition it has had a profit of 16 billion. Post Office is a nation wide business it operates in the United Kingdom. However Royal Mail delivers mail through out the world but they do not operate globally. Organization 4 Oxfam: Oxfam is a confederation , that has joined hands to help find solutions to poverty and injustice with 13 organizations working over 3,000 partners in more than 100 countries. Oxfam works to improve the lives of the poor and to influence the powerful so that their message can be spread. Purpose of Oxfam: The purpose of Oxfam’s being is so that they can help people who are in need of shelter, food and money Oxfam does by collecting donations from us which is their customers. Oxfam does not just receive donations they also have stores which sales second hand clothing for a very cheap price, the money they receive is given to people in need. Ownership: Oxfam is a Voluntary Sector business (Business that involves workers who do not work for profit and operate with a meaningful degree of volunteer involvement) because it is done for the sake of helping people, private sector is mainly done for profit and to supply goods, so therefore I think that Oxfam is a voluntary sector business because it is a business organized to help people and it is not done for profit. Size/Scale: Oxfam is a medium-large business but it is not as large as other businesses e.g. ASDA and Post Office however Oxfam is a very important business. Oxfam has more than 13 organizations working with over 3,000 partners in more than 100 countries to find lasting solutions to poverty and injustice. Oxfam is a Global organization because it has 13 stores in different places all around the world.

Trade Between Uae and Ksa - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1116 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/09/22 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Topics: Saudi Arabia Essay Did you like this example? Trade Discussion Saudi Arabia is considered to be UAE’s most important neighbor. It is the largest neighbor in terms of economy, geographical size and population. KSA’s gross domestic product (GDP) in 2007 was $ 376 billion while UAE’s GDP was $193 billion [1]. Both UAE and KSA are oil-producing countries, which implies that the exports and imports commodities are not crude oil. However, UAE imports refined petrochemicals and plastics, which are considered to be the downstream product of crude oil. Other commodities the UAE imports are steel, cement, fertilizers and foodstuff. On the other hand, UAE exports to Saudi Arabia are re-exports goods such as cars and electrical commodities. In fact, UAE is the third most important re-export center in the world after Hong Kong and Singapore [2]. UAE imports [pic] Figure. 1 UAE imports from KSA in million dirham Vs. years As it’s shown in figure. 1, UAE imports from Saudi Arabia were growing slowly from the years 1984 to 1989. At this period, the imported goods were mainly foodstuff and medicine and there was no heavy industry commodities imported. From year 1990 until 1994 it shows negligible growth in imports. This was the results of the second gulf war where Saudi Arabia was directly involved in the war and UAE indirectly involved. At the beginning of the new millennium, UAE’s economy starts to boom up as well as the population. Therefore, the UAE demand of imports is increasing dramatically. From 1999 until 2006, the UAE demand for steel and cement was high to satisfy the mega construction projects in UAE. In fact, 25 percent of the world construction cranes were in UAE by 2006 [3]. The demand for steel and cement is expected to continue because of real estate booming in UAE. At 2007, the imports from KSA dropped dramatically. This drop could be explained in many ways. It could be that KSA needs the steel and cement for domestic construction project. For instance, by 2006 KSA starts building King Abdullah Economic city which costs about AED 100 MM. so instead of exporting steel and cement to UAE, KSA would prefer using it for its own domestic projects especially when the steel prices are sky rocketing. The steel demand is growing 9 percent because of the high international demand of steel from China, India and other countries [4]. Another explanation could be that UAE is searching for cheaper market for its required imports. It is also important to say that the UAE invested heavily in the industry of plastic. Therefore, the demand of plastic from KSA is expected to drop. Consequently, the imports from KSA will drop as well. The investment of plastic is represented in Borouge a joint venture of ADNOC and Borealis to produce plastics in UAE. UAE exports [pic] Figure. 2 UAE exports to KSA in million dirham Vs. years At the 80’s and 90’s, the UAE export shows steady increase in the Exports to KSA. However, at the beginning of the new millennium, the UAE exports show an exponential increase. This increase is expected to continue if UAE maintained a real GDP growth rate of 7. 4% (2007). As it mentioned above the UAE is one of the most important re-export center in the world so most of the goods exported to KSA are re-exported goods such as cars, electrical and communication devices. The UAE is expected to continue being important re-export center because it has a stable economy and political system. Trade Balance [pic] Figure. 3 Trade balance of UAE with KSA in million dirham Vs. years The trade balance is the value of exported goods and services minus the value of imports. Figure. 3 shows that the UAE trade balance is negative in the past 23 years. In other words, there is trade deficit. At the year 2007, this trade gap starts to shrink. This is expected since the value of the exported goods and services increases (Figure. 2) while the imported goods and services decrease (Figure. 1). However, this tra de deficit does not mean that the UAE economy is monitored poorly. This trade deficit includes only UAE and KSA. The overall UAE trade balance is expected to have a trade surplus. In fact, UAE is expected to have trade surplus with most of the countries that do not produce oil because of the high price of oil and the addiction of countries likes USA, China and UK to crude oil as a source of energy. Conclusion and Recommendation To sum up, the UAE exports to KSA are increasing dramatically, while the UAE imports from KSA starts showing a decrease pattern. Thus, it is expected that the trade balance is heading toward a surplus in the near future. To reach this trade surplus, the UAE economics decision maker should consider the factors affecting the trade balance. The exchange rates are one of those factors. Therefore, the UAE should observe the dollar performance in the market. If the dollar keeps going down, they should reconsider pegging the dollar to the emirate dirham. It is suggested that they change from fixed pegging to move pegging like China. Another factor is the trade agreement and trade barriers. It is suggested that both KSA and UAE agree on reducing the barriers of entry to the market. However, at immature industries such as the petrochemical and plastic industry, it is better to keep entering Saudis firms into UAE market restricted because UAE is new to the plastic industry Borouge established in 1998 . This restriction  will protect domestic producers. On the other hand, UAE should convince the Saudis to open their market for UAE firms that are well experienced like communication firms such as ETISALAT or service firms such as airlines flights. The third factor is the tax rate. It is suggested to lower the tax rate between KSA and UAE to refresh the market and maintain low level of pricing. This will increase the imports and the exports between the two countries. If the above recommendations were taken into account, the UAE trade surpl us with KSA will be just a matter of time. Finally, no matter how the trade balance is positive or negative trade is always beneficial for both countries. According to absolute advantage theory and comparative advantage theory trade will always benefit both countries. Reference [1] https://www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ae. html [2] https://www. uae. gov. ae/Government/trade. htm [3] https://archive. gulfnews. com/articles/06/06/18/10047703. html [4]https://www. khaleejtimes. com/DisplayArticleNew. asp? xfile=data/business/2007/August/business_August102. xml=business= ttp://www. arabianbusiness. com/522570-uae-trade-surplus-jumps-as-oil-prices-surge https://www. arabnews. com/? page=6=0=96227=15=5=2007 https://archive. gulfnews. com/articles/06/05/13/10039528. html https://www. gulfnews. com/BUSINESS/Trade/10225921. html https://www. khaleejtimes. com/DisplayArticleNew. asp? xfile=data/business/2007/August/business_August102. xml=business= https://www. uae. gov. ae/Government/trade. htm https://archive. gulfnews. com/articles/06/06/18/10047703. html https://www. ameinfo. com/156768. html Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Trade Between Uae and Ksa" essay for you Create order